The Impact Of Hallyu On Korean Plastic Surgery Industry

Hallyu or â€Å"Korean Wave† is the term that first introduced by Beijing journalist in the mid-1990s. This term is associated with the widespread of the popularity of â€Å"all things Korean† beyond the border of Korea (Lie 2012), especially to Asian countries and even non-Asian countries such as North and South American, Middle East and Europe. The â€Å"all things Korean† are inclusive of soap opera (also known as television drama), film, music, fashion, cuisine and other elements. However, there are some widespread cultures have sparked controversial debates, noticeably the issues bound to plastic surgery. Nevertheless, in this essay, I am not going to debate the controversial issues, instead I am going to discuss on how Hallyu has impacted the†¦show more content†¦The culture of acceptance based on appearances is applied to almost every aspect of daily life such as employment, education and others. For instance, in employment sector, candidate is ob ligated to attach a valid photo ID in his or her resume for job application. The attached photo will facilitate the selection process as employer will choose potential employees based on their appearance first and undoubtedly, those who have attractive physical appearances will get the advantage, meanwhile those who not, will be rejected in the first place. This continuous practice will create inequality in society, but at the same time, it facilitates to boost the plastic surgery industry as the demand for plastic surgery increase dramatically. People will either voluntarily or involuntarily undergo plastic surgery in order to improve their beauty, so that they will not be marginalized and have the chance to grab every opportunity that exists in the society. Initially, Korean society has condemning plastic surgery as an alternative to improve beauty. However, as time passes by, plastic surgery has been accepted as a norm in Korean society and it can be said that almost every Korean has undergone it at least once. According to the statistic of the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS), by 2005, it is estimated that approximately 20,000 per 100,000 of general population in South Korea has undergone plastic surgeryShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Hallyu On Korean And Korean Wave1602 Words   |  7 PagesHallyu or â€Å"Korean Wave† is the term that was first introduced by Beijing journalist in the mid-1990s. This term is associated with the widespread of popularity of â€Å"all things Korean† beyond the border of Korea (Lie 2012), especially to Asian countries and even non-Asian countries such as North and South American, Middle East and Europe. The â€Å"all things Korean† are inclusive of soap opera (also known as television drama), film, music, fashion, cuisine and other elements. However, there are some widespreadRead MoreInternational Tourism s Effect On Medical Tourism1649 Words   |  7 PagesIn this paper, I will eva luate Hallyu in regards to its effect on medical tourism. However, I will first define the terms in order to give a clearer picture of what is Hallyu and which medical tourism I am referring too. Hallyu is defined as the growing popularity of Korean-based products that include drama, film, and pop music (Kim). It is also used to describe the fast spreading popularity of Korean culture like food, clothing, and housing. Recently, Hallyu or Korean Wave has not just swept overRead MoreThe Effects Of Plastic Surgery On South Korea786 Words   |  4 Pages3.2 Plastic Surgery Other industries like dancing school (Figure 8), fashioning boutiques and Spa (Figure 9), wedding photography (Figure 10) and plastic surgery (Figure 11) have also boosted by the Korean wave. Among these industries, the plastic surgery is particularly prominent. Figure 8: Dancing School in South Korea Figure 9: Fashioning Boutiques in South Korea Figure 10: Wedding Photography in Korean Style Figure 11: Korean Plastic Surgery As the Korean wave becomingRead MoreConsumer Lifestyle in Singapore35714 Words   |  143 Pagesrecorded in 2010 and up significantly from S$2.7 billion in 2009. The growth rate of the import-reliant economy was affected by external factors, including the slowing economic growth in China, the sluggish growth of the US economy and fears about the impact of the eurozone crisis. These factors have also affected growth in 2012. Economists   at   the   Trade   Ministry   have   said   that   they   expect   Singapore’s   GDP   to   grow   by    about 1.5% in 2012, down from a previous estimate of 2.5%. A recent report

Comparing the Emplementation and Scrutinizing of Proposed...

Comparing the Emplementation and Scrutinizing of Proposed Bills in the House of Commons and Congress This essay will examine how two institutions, namely the House of Commons and Congress, which are supposed to serve the same process, differ widely in the way they implement and scrutinise proposed bills. The essay will examine the relationship between the legislature and the executive; the importance of the party; and the constitutional arrangements which give each legislature very different characteristics. The French philosopher Montesquieu said that there could be no democracy unless the three branches of government, legislature, judiciary and executive, were separate bodies, which acted as†¦show more content†¦A $1.7 trillion annual budget and congressional decentralization through the committee system allows lawmakers to specialize and make decisions on a wide range of complex topics. This is very different to the House of Commons (HoC), which has a much smaller budget and a less rigorous committee system. The rigorous nature of the Congressional committee system (CCS) could be seen as advantageous since it allows detailed legislation on potentially complex topics to be written. However, the composition of the committee may not be unbiased, and once the legislation has been drafted it must be ratified by the rest of Congress. Since the CCS is so important to the USlegislative process the membership of the committees requires careful consideration. The composition, range of interests, and the scope of their policies are determined by the members. If a committee were full of like-minded people that were not socially representative of the people the policies concern, then it is feasible for the democratic process to be undermined. Furthermore, the quality of the resulting bill is highly dependent on the ability of the committee members. To counter these potentially negative influences the bill must be ratified by Congress once it leaves the Committee phase. With 535 members of Congress it can be very

Sexual Orientation Essay - 1486 Words

Sexual Orientation Sexual orientation refers to ones degree of emotional and erotic attraction to members of the same sex, opposite sex or both sexes. Heterosexual persons are romantically and erotically attracted to members of the opposite sex, whereas homosexual persons are attracted to those whose sex match their own. A person who is bisexual is attracted to both men and women. According to a recent national survey, about 7 percent of all adults regard themselves as homosexual or bisexual. That means that roughly 7 people out of every hundred are bisexual or homosexual; 50 million people in the U.S. alone are gay, lesbian, or have a family member who is homosexual. The question is, however, do they choose to be gay or is†¦show more content†¦Hamer located a region near the end of the long arm of the X chromosome in DNA that likely contains a gene influencing sexual orientation. Hamer announced, We have now produced evidence that one form of male homosexuality is preferentially transmitted through the maternal side and is genetically linked to chromosome region Xq28. 2 A study released by the National Institute of Health (NIH) also indicated a correlation between a specific chromosomal region in human males and homosexuality. The National Gay and Lesbian Task Force (NGLTF) called for an end to discrimination based on sexual orientation and issued a statement regarding this study. The NIH study is an important addition to the growing body of evidence indicating a genetic basis for homosexuality, said Peri Jude Radecic, NGLTF Deputy Director of Public Policy. And it shows that homosexuality is a naturally occurring and common variation among humans -- a fact that gay and lesbian people have known all along. 3 So with growing evidence of predetermined sexual orientation, should laws be changed and society forced to accept homosexuality as natural? Time magazine projected an ethical and political forecast: If homosexuals are deemed to have a foreordained nature, many of the arguments now used to block equal rights would lose force. Time also cited a gay attorney who said, I cant imagine rational people,Show MoreRelatedSexual Orientation, Sexual, And Transgender Orientation957 Words   |  4 Pagesobjects. First, Sexual orientation, sexual identity and gender identity are not the same things. (Carrington, 2015) Sexual Orientation refers to the choice that you like man, woman or both. When we talk about sexual identity, it refers to the biological sex of a person. It is how you see yourself physically. Gender identity is another way referring to the sex role and appearance socially. Secondly, People who have issue with one of these three things may become part of the sexual and gender mino rityRead Moresexual orientation1753 Words   |  8 PagesThis essay will look into sexual orientation. This essay will identify and define sexual orientation focusing on homosexuality. It will further provide an overview of homosexuality and a summary. I will discuss my initial opinions, attitudes, biases and assumptions about sexual orientation and demonstrate how my awareness of this element of diversity increased throughout the module. I will further address how this awareness will impact my ability to counsel more competently, followed by a conclusionRead MoreSexual Orientation3686 Words   |  15 Pagescategories of sexual orientation, alongside bisexual and heterosexual. The longstanding consensus of the behavioral and social sciences and the health and mental health professions is that homosexuality is an example of normal and positive variation in human sexual orientation. Currently the most common adjectives in use are lesbian for women and gay for men, though gay can ref er to either men or women. The American Psychology Association defines sexual orientation in the following way: â€Å"Sexual orientationRead MoreGender Orientation And Sexual Orientation1613 Words   |  7 Pagesand lesbians do not choose their sexual orientation, but rather are born with it? There has been extensive research proving that sexual orientation is caused by many biological factors, whereas there is no solid proof that social factors after birth affect sexual orientation (Swaab, 2007, p. 442). Sexual orientation is already programmed into the brain, with the influence of sex hormones and genes, before a child is even born. The development of sexual orientation is caused by sex hormones, genesRead MoreSexual Orientation1220 Words   |  5 PagesOver the years sexual orientation has been an issue in our society. Many people are against homosexuality and bisexuality. Sexual orientation is generally one of three main categories, heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual. Hete rosexual is someone who is attracted to members of the opposite sex. A homosexual is someone that is attracted to members of the same sex. And, a bisexual person is one that is attracted to members of both sexes. There are other categories of sexual orientation. Some peopleRead MoreSexual Orientation And Gender Orientation Essay903 Words   |  4 Pagese Henry Paper 4 Sexual orientation The theme that we have been focusing on in class for the past two weeks is sexual orientation. Sexual orientation is more complex than just the gender a person is attracted to. Instead sexual orientation is on more of a spectrum. On one end of the spectrum a person can be solely heterosexual and on the opposite side a person can be completely homosexual. This also means that a person can be bisexual if they identify more in the middle of the spectrum. TheRead MoreThe Sexual Orientation Of Parents993 Words   |  4 Pages The sexual orientation of parents, once having a child, does not negatively affect the development of their children. In order to first be a parent, one must obtain a child. However, in Florida, gay foster parents were not allowed to adopt the children they fostered due to the Gay Adoption Ban (Goldberg). Homosexuals were not legally able to adopt a child at all until the forty year old ban was lifted July, 2015 by Governor Rick Scott (Associated Press). â€Å"Prior to the lifting of the gay adoptionRead MoreThe Psychology Of Sexual Orientations934 Words   |  4 PagesThe Psychology of Sexual Orientations Throughout the history of humans, people have been having sex. It’s obviously necessary for the continuation of humans as a species. But it definitely hasn’t been for just reproductive purposes. People have been engaging in same-gender sex for probably as long as humans have been around. However, the terms we think of today when we think of different sexual orientations didn’t get coined until the 19th and 20th centuries. And with these terms came huge stigmaRead MoreThe Biological Of Sexual Orientation2473 Words   |  10 PagesBiological Correlates of Sexual Orientation Prof. Brett Beston PSY354 University of Toronto at Mississauga Adla Begeta 998184539 Date submitted: Sunday, August 10, 2014 The topic of sexual orientation is both sensitive and controversial. This is evident in events, such as the Pride Parade, and also in media, where authoritative figures preach against it and speak of its â€Å"sinful nature† (Emmanuele, Blanchard, Camperio-Ciani, Bancroft, 2010). Sexual orientation exists in variousRead MoreSexual Orientation Is The Dominant, Or Normal, Sexual, And Gender Orientation Essay2260 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction Sexual orientationism is best described as discrimination or prejudice against homosexuals on the assumption that heterosexuality is the dominant, or normal, sexual orientation. Within society there are many barriers, assumptions, and stigmas placed upon the queer community, numerous of which steam from this heterosexist stance that has become the dominant ideology. This stance has historical significance in trauma, and oppression of those within the sexual minority, and how this can

Essay Reconciling the Cuban Embargo - 1249 Words

Heading the wrong way made Douglas Wrong Way Corrigan famous. When he filed his flight plan to fly from New York to California and wound up in Ireland there was much celebrity and very little downside for him. The US, may not be as lucky with our embargo policy towards Cuba. A policy that may have a major impact on the US, both domestically and internationally, is truly only actively discussed in the swing state of Florida. Is the US heading in the wrong direction with this policy? Certainly the author thinks so, and if hes right its not likely that well receive a ticker tape parade at the end of journey like Corrigan did. Alex Lightman walks us through 78 reasons to end the embargo of Cuba. He does this by stating a reason and†¦show more content†¦In the maon body of the book, Lightman breaks his reasons into five general categories; General, Political, Economic, Humanitarian and Fair Compensation. Some of these reasons overlap or are highly intermingled so seeing each point separately may be difficult from time to time. General Lightmans general reasons are a small collection of statements that seem not to fit anywhere else in the treatise. Those in the business world will recognize that the focus here is on effective goal setting. He educates the reader on the SMART technique and details why the Cuban embargo fails to be a SMART goal. Then, looking from the other perspective, he evaluates the goal in terms of the results obtained. Now he questions since the goal has not been met, is it appropriate to continue down the same well worn path. Further to this point, he posits that for the US to advocate regime change in another nation is not an ethical goal to pursue in the first place. The section closes out by arguing that the real beneficiaries of the embargo are people and entities that the American people would never want to benefit in the first place. His list of beneficiaries includes the Castro brothers, which would shock any idealistically minded pro-embargo supporter. Political The vast amount of the book is spent covering the political reasons why the embargo should be ended. This sectionShow MoreRelatedEssay on Autonomy and Political Responsibility after the Cold War2592 Words   |  11 PagesAmericas foreign policy, George Shultz wrote that nor can we simply turn our heads and look the other way as Soviet divisions brutalize an entire population of Afghanistan10 and in response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the US imposed a grain embargo against the USSR. The US response showed its commitment to protecting not only the autonomy of the European nations from Soviet control, but the rest of the world as well. The Soviet influence began to wane as several European countries brokeRead MoreNational Security Outline Essay40741 Words   |  163 Pageslegal but unfriendly act taken w/ retaliatory or coercive purpose (economic sanctions, tariffs, fishing rights, etc. (1) Not affected by Charter because are LEGAL acts ii) REPRISAL: use of force against state that has violated international law (embargo or seizure of ships, Israeli raids) (1) Traditional limitations: (1) illegal act (2) first give them chance to make reparations (3) reprisals must be proportionate to illegal act (2) Impact of Charter on doctrine of reprisal: Most agree that bansRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesdestroying crops. To clear the land and deprive the enemy of 124 †¢ CHAPTER 4 sustenance, they â€Å"concentrated† the remaining populations into fortified camps, a tactic that had been used by the Spanish general Valeriano Weyler to counter the Cuban insurrection of 1896.13 Targeting the civilian populations was a deliberate military policy designed to force capitulation. At times, colonial violence was tempered by public opinion. Early on at home, these wars became the terrains of heated domestic

Impact of Global Warming in the World

Question: What is Global warming ? explain the impact of global warming in the world. Answer: Man has travelled from a very long way from the era of the stone age to modern era but in the pursuit of his comfortable journey of life he has to forget the pollution threat and degradation of the environment caused by industrialisation and globalisation around the world (Jaspers 2014). The increment in the average temperature of the earth is global warming. The greenhouses gases like methane, water vapor, nitrous oxide and largely carbon dioxide and some more traps light and heat from the sun causes the temperature to rise but in general greenhouse gases allow some of the heat to be trapped and allow some of them to escape but carbon dioxide emissions by human activity leads to the increase in the temperature. This fluctuation in the worlds temperature has many adverse impacts on the polar regions, vegetation, health, rainfall pattern, ecosystem. Sustainability refers to the minimum use of resources for the present needs without compromising the future needs (Agnew 2013). The warming temperature of the polar region, especially in the Arctic region, has been increased by five degrees which are ten times faster than the mean temperature of the global surface. In the northern areas the ice cover of sea has decreased by 10-15%. Arboreal forests have been expanding for every 1C in the temperature. The peninsula of Antarctica has shown increased precipitation over the time. There has been decreased in the salinity of the sea water due to the global warming (Marshall et al 2014). In the 21st century, there would be continued warming of both the arctic and Antarctica regions. There would be more disappearance of sea ice. Due to the warming of the polar regions, there is also an imbalance in the ocean circulation. he changes done to decrease this effect is very less because the polar regions are highly vulnerable to the climatic change and their adaptability level is also very less. The indigenous communities have limited limitations to such changes. There has been many tools and approaches for improving the sustainability in the polar regions. The Environmental impact assessment is an effective tool which has kept a record in evaluating the environmental opportunities and risks with the polar regions. The sustainable appraisal is for the analysis of the social, economic and environmental actions of the aims and principles associated with the warming of the polar regions. There has been an additional stress on the wildlife and ecosystem due to global warming as all the species of plants and animals have been migrating earlier than their time or getting extinct. The plant species of the Alps, have migrated at least 1-4 metres and some species of the mountains have totally disappeared. The changes in the climate have given rise to many pests and outbreaks of the diseases. The cold water fishes have lost their habitat and the warm water fish have expanded their ranges. The migratory birds arrive earlier in the season and their breeding is also earlier (Catano et al 2015). The geographic distribution and the climatic shapes in the 21st century have resulted in the loss of many plants and animals . The CO2 rising levels have diminished the protein content of rice and wheat. The animals and plants have to adapt to the new climatic season and hence their productivity is less. This, in turn, has also affected the human ecosystem as they are dependent on the ecosystem for many goods and services (Lunt et al 2013). This effect could be changed by introducing the conservation program. This program is mainly focused on the ecosystem to protect the extinction of the species. It identifies the areas and option for the plant and animals for their adaptation by considering their genotypes and species ratio. There should be strategies for land use and integrated coastal management of fisheries could also reduce the pressure on the ecosystem. Sustainability regarding the ecosystem should be regarding improving the quality of air, food, water and shelter in such regions because most of the natural resources have been derived from such ecosystem and if the environment of such places is not good then there would be effect on the products. Many policies have been made to upgrade the needs in such areas. There has been increasing in the sea level when the ocean waters warm due to the global warming as the mean temperature of the global surface rises and the increase is almost ten times faster the rate which it was used to be three thousand years before. There has been tremendous increase in the water vapour level at the atmospheric level because of the evaporation. Sea water is getting sweep into the low-lying island thus affecting the water equilibrium (Dutton et al 2015). There would be many changes in the 21st century as climatic factors would be changing considerably bringing a change in the reduction of the ice cover, conditions of the water salinity, wave conditions and circulation in the oceans. These would have influence on the supply of freshwater, change in the pattern of the weather. Floods and hurricanes would also affect the coastal regions in near future. The sustainability adaptation strategies in the coastal regions must be given focus. The hard and protective features such as the sea walls and boundaries which must be helpful in managing the retreat island. Many strategies like flood promoting as well as salt tolerant crops are being promoted. Disaster mitigation plans have also been developed to encourage sustainability. Procedures in case of emergency have also been adopted. The food security is getting affected by global warming as it varies from various places to regions. The changes in the regional temperatures, moisture in the soil, cloudiness, precipitation affect the cultivation of the vegetation. The mid-latitudes and the temperate zones are mostly affected by the rain due to global warming. The global warming would not have affected the agriculture if its temperature had not risen by 2.5C (Tai et al 2014). The initiatives for sustainability have been taken by the individual farmers of the temperate regions to prevent losses plan their dates of the crops, selection procedure for cultivation, and strategies for disease control. Global warming has affected the human health directly by bringing a change in the weather pattern. The new pattern has brought the changes in the floods, heat and cold waves, droughts, local pollution and allergens which have affected the human health. The intensity of the heat and cold waves has resulted in the death of many elder and poor people. The hazards from the storms and floods have lad people to have mental stress death and injury. The indirect effects of the global warming on the health of the people are sheltering loss, reduced water and food supplies (Martens 2014). The strategies towards the sustainable development has led people to lessen the negative impacts on the health. These strategies are technological, institutional, social and behavioural which could lead to better adaptations among people and improving health also. Global warming had also affected coral reef when the record of 16% of the death of corals was observed. This mass killing of the corals was due to the excessively high temperatures due to increasing in the ocean surface temperature (Palumbi et al 2014). Scientists have taken immediate action to protect the coral reefs from global warming by rebuilding the fish stocks for restoration of ecosystem. They have also aimed to reduce the destruction of mangroves which are the coral reef habitats. They have also adopted aquaculture techniques to reduce pressure on the coral reefs. They have also made efforts to protect the marine habitat by balancing the ecosystem. Vanishing glaciers are also the result of global warming because of the very high temperature of the earth's surface and this, in turn, is melting the glaciers at a very high speed. This melting of glaciers has resulted in the higher level of sea water changing the line of the sea and causing an improper balance in the hydrological table. A classic example of this can be understood from the Montanas glacier national park, where the melting of the glaciers has been dramatic (Haeberli et al 2013). Conserving water is the major strategy for sustainable development. To have sufficient water for future use and also for present use, it is very much necessary to conserve water by ground water recharge, water harvesting and by improving the quality of existing water(Barbier 2015). Two of the major problem faced by the society of the 21st century is the global warming and the sustainable development. This challenge has brought many uncertainties related to the climatic changes, its impacts and methods of adopting it. Both the social and natural ecosystems have to get adapted to the changes at least to some degree. This climate change has resulted in a large number of death, sufferings of the people due to the disease, injury, floods, heat waves, storms. The weather disasters vulnerabilities are mainly dependent upon the person's attributes as well as the social and environmental factors. The ozone in the stratosphere has also increased due to greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, climate change has become internationally debatable topic (Dunlap 2013). References: Agnew MD, Goodess CM, Hemming D, Giannakopoulos C, Salem SB, Bindi M, Bradai MN, Congedi L, Dibari C, El-Askary H, El-Fadel M. Introduction. Springer Netherlands; 2013. Barbier, N., 2015. Vulnerability to water shortages in the 21st Centurys arid and semi-arid American West. L'Ordinaire des Amriques, (218). Catano, C.P., Romaach, S.S., Beerens, J.M., Pearlstine, L.G., Brandt, L.A., Hart, K.M., Mazzotti, F.J. and Trexler, J.C., 2015. Using scenario planning to evaluate the impacts of climate change on wildlife populations and communities in the Florida Everglades. Environmental management, 55(4), pp.807-823. Dunlap, R.E., 2013. Climate change skepticism and denial: An introduction. American behavioral scientist, 57(6), pp.691-698. Dutton, A., Carlson, A.E., Long, A.J., Milne, G.A., Clark, P.U., DeConto, R., Horton, B.P., Rahmstorf, S. and Raymo, M.E., 2015. Sea-level rise due to polar ice-sheet mass loss during past warm periods. Science, 349(6244), p.aaa4019. Haeberli, W., Schaub, Y., Huggel, C. and Boeckli, L., 2013, April. Vanishing glaciers, degrading permafrost, new lakes and increasing probability of extreme floods from impact waves-a need for long-term risk reduction concerning high-mountain regions. In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (Vol. 15, p. 3273). Jaspers, K., 2014. Man in the Modern Age (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Lunt, I.D., Byrne, M., Hellmann, J.J., Mitchell, N.J., Garnett, S.T., Hayward, M.W., Martin, T.G., McDonald-Maddden, E., Williams, S.E. and Zander, K.K., 2013. Using assisted colonisation to conserve biodiversity and restore ecosystem function under climate change. Biological conservation, 157, pp.172-177. Marshall, J., Armour, K.C., Scott, J.R., Kostov, Y., Hausmann, U., Ferreira, D., Shepherd, T.G. and Bitz, C.M., 2014. The ocean's role in polar climate change: asymmetric Arctic and Antarctic responses to greenhouse gas and ozone forcing. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 372(2019), p.20130040. Martens, P., 2014. Health and climate change: modelling the impacts of global warming and ozone depletion. Routledge. Palumbi, S.R., Barshis, D.J., Traylor-Knowles, N. and Bay, R.A., 2014. Mechanisms of reef coral resistance to future climate change. Science, 344(6186), pp.895-898. Tai, A.P., Martin, M.V. and Heald, C.L., 2014. Threat to future global food security from climate change and ozone air pollution. Nature Climate Change, 4(9), pp.817-821.

Crime and Punishement Essay Example For Students

Crime and Punishement Essay Dostoevskys Crime and Punishment is the story of a poor man in czarist Russia who can only purge himself of his guilt through suffering. It deals with the mental and physical tribulation brought upon him by his crime. His troubles are compounded by the conflicting personalities which he possesses. The reader is inclined to characterize him by his cold, intellectual side. Yet, without the contrasting humane side of his nature, Raskolnikov never realizes the errors in his theory and actions. Raskolnikov is defined by the duplistic nature of his personality, with each facet being just as vital as the other. Raskolnikovs cold side leads him to develop his theory, and thus to commit murder. This side of him bases all decisions on reason and rationalization (although it is sometimes incorrect), rather than on feeling. It is purely stoical, without emotion. The other side of his character is kind and compassionate. Without this side being presented the reader views him as an evil murderer, and not a mislead victim, as Dostoevsky intends. In the novel Raskolnikov engages in sporadic acts of kindness. He gives money to the Marmeladov family, he attempts to aid Marmeladov when he dies, and he tries to get a drunken girl home and away from her pursuer. All of these deeds were done without premeditation. He simply feels that at the time it is the right thing to do. After a short period of time his outlook dramatically reverses. He starts to rationally analyze what he has done, and then feels that his actions were stupid. This transition marks the return of his cold side, and it occurs after every kind thing that Raskolnikov does. These shifts between two distinct personalities give Raskolnikov two separate points of view. The novel is founded on the distinctions between the two points of view, and the reader gets both angles. Both Raskolnikovs generous, and evil actions are essential to his character because they allow the reader to identify with these two points of view and the two facets of his personality.